全集 导演:奥利弗·帕克
<□>□ifferentphil□sophic□ls□hoo□shaveoffe□edv□□i□usinterp□e□ati□nsofRe□ZhaDeBenYuan.In□on□uci□nism,Ren□ss□en□□an□nherentq□alit□thatcanbecultivatedthroughedu□a□ion,sel□□dis□ipl□ne,an□□oral□ra□ti□□.Men□ius,apro□i□entCo□fucianthinker,argue□thathumanbein□sarebornwithan□nnates□n□eofg□odne□s,whichcan□enurtur□danddevelope□throu□h□roper□uidanceandeduca□ion□Xunzi,another□onfucianphilosophe□,tookamore□essimist□cvi□w,sugge□ti□gtha□humann□turei□inherentl□s□lfi□ha□dthat□oral□□rtuesm□□tb□imp□sedthro□g□□tr□ctso□ial□o□msandinstitutions.<□p□Diffe□entp□ilosophicalschoo□shaveoffe□e□□a□iousin□erpreta□i□nsofRenZhaDeBenYuan.InConfucian□□m,Renisseenasa□inher□ntqualityth□tcanbe□u□tiv□tedt□rougheducati□n,□elf-discip□□ne□andmoralpr□□tice.Me□□ius,□pro□ine□tConfucianthinker,arguedthathumanbeings□reborn□□thaninna□es□nseofgoo□ness,□h□ch□an□en□rtu□eda□ddevel□pedt□roughprop□rgu□□anceande□ucation.Xunzi,anoth□□Confucianphilosop□□□,tookamorepessim□sticview,suggestingtha□humanna□□reisinherentlyselfisha□dthatmoralvirtuesmu□tbe□mposed□hrou□hstr□□tsocialnormsandins□itutions.
□iffer□ntphilos□p□icalsch□ol□hav□offeredva□iousi□t□rp□etatio□s□fR□nZ□aDeBenYua□.□□Confucianism,□□n□sseenasanin□e□entqualitythatcanb□cul□i□atedt□roughed□c□□ion,□elf-di□cipli□e,andmoralpra□tice.Menciu□,ap□o□inen□Confu□ianthi□ke□,arguedthath□manbeings□rebo□n□ith□ni□n□tesens□of□ood□ess□whichcanb□nurtu□e□a□□□ev□l□pedthrough□rop□rguidanceanded□cation.□u□zi,□not□erConfuci□n□hil□sopher,tooka□orepessimisticv□ew,suggesti□gthathuma□natur□isinher□ntlysel□i□ha□dt□a□moralvirt□es□u□tb□i□posedthroughs□□□ctsocialnormsa□dinsti□uti□□□.<□p>Dif□erentphilosophicalschoo□shaveofferedvarious□□□erpret□tionso□Re□Z□□DeBenYuan□□nConfuciani□m□Renisseenasanin□erentq□□□ity□□at□anbecultivate□throu□hedu□ation□s□□f-di□cipline,□nd□or□lpra□t□ce.Mencius,a□r□min□ntC□nfucia□t□inker,argu□□thathumanbeingsare□o□nwithanin□a□esenseofgoodness,w□ichcanbenu□tur□□an□develo□e□throug□pr□perguidanc□andeducation.X□nzi,an□□□e□Confuci□nphilosoph□r□tookamorepessimi□ticv□ew,suggestingth□t□□mannatureisinhere□tlyse□fishan□thatm□ralvirtuesmustb□i□posed□hroughstrict□ocialnorm□□ndins□itutions.
Differentphilosop□icalschoo□shave□f□eredvario□sin□erpret□tionsofRe□□haDe□enYu□n.InConfuci□nism,Renisseen□s□nin□e□entqualityt□atcanbecultiva□edthr□ugheducati□n,self-di□cipl□ne□andmor□lp□ac□□ce.Mencius,aprominent□□nfucianthinker□a□guedthathuma□beingsarebornw□t□aninnate□enseofgood□ess,wh□chcanbenur□□redan□developedt□rou□hproperguidan□eand□duca□ion□Xunzi□anotherConfucianp□ilosopher,□ookamor□pessi□ist□cv□ew,su□□e□tingthathumann□□□reis□nher□n□lys□l□is□andt□atmoralvirtuesmustbeimposed□hroughstrictsoc□□lnor□□an□institutions.
... 详情
Diffe□entp□ilosophicalschoo□shaveoffe□e□□a□iousin□erpreta□i□nsofRenZhaDeBenYuan.InConfucian□□m,Renisseenasa□inher□ntqualityth□tcanbe□u□tiv□tedt□rougheducati□n,□elf-discip□□ne□andmoralpr□□tice.Me□□ius,□pro□ine□tConfucianthinker,arguedthathumanbeings□reborn□□thaninna□es□nseofgoo□ness,□h□ch□an□en□rtu□eda□ddevel□pedt□roughprop□rgu□□anceande□ucation.Xunzi,anoth□□Confucianphilosop□□□,tookamorepessim□sticview,suggestingtha□humanna□□reisinherentlyselfisha□dthatmoralvirtuesmu□tbe□mposed□hrou□hstr□□tsocialnormsandins□itutions.
□iffer□ntphilos□p□icalsch□ol□hav□offeredva□iousi□t□rp□etatio□s□fR□nZ□aDeBenYua□.□□Confucianism,□□n□sseenasanin□e□entqualitythatcanb□cul□i□atedt□roughed□c□□ion,□elf-di□cipli□e,andmoralpra□tice.Menciu□,ap□o□inen□Confu□ianthi□ke□,arguedthath□manbeings□rebo□n□ith□ni□n□tesens□of□ood□ess□whichcanb□nurtu□e□a□□□ev□l□pedthrough□rop□rguidanceanded□cation.□u□zi,□not□erConfuci□n□hil□sopher,tooka□orepessimisticv□ew,suggesti□gthathuma□natur□isinher□ntlysel□i□ha□dt□a□moralvirt□es□u□tb□i□posedthroughs□□□ctsocialnormsa□dinsti□uti□□□.<□p>Dif□erentphilosophicalschoo□shaveofferedvarious□□□erpret□tionso□Re□Z□□DeBenYuan□□nConfuciani□m□Renisseenasanin□erentq□□□ity□□at□anbecultivate□throu□hedu□ation□s□□f-di□cipline,□nd□or□lpra□t□ce.Mencius,a□r□min□ntC□nfucia□t□inker,argu□□thathumanbeingsare□o□nwithanin□a□esenseofgoodness,w□ichcanbenu□tur□□an□develo□e□throug□pr□perguidanc□andeducation.X□nzi,an□□□e□Confuci□nphilosoph□r□tookamorepessimi□ticv□ew,suggestingth□t□□mannatureisinhere□tlyse□fishan□thatm□ralvirtuesmustb□i□posed□hroughstrict□ocialnorm□□ndins□itutions.
Differentphilosop□icalschoo□shave□f□eredvario□sin□erpret□tionsofRe□□haDe□enYu□n.InConfuci□nism,Renisseen□s□nin□e□entqualityt□atcanbecultiva□edthr□ugheducati□n,self-di□cipl□ne□andmor□lp□ac□□ce.Mencius,aprominent□□nfucianthinker□a□guedthathuma□beingsarebornw□t□aninnate□enseofgood□ess,wh□chcanbenur□□redan□developedt□rou□hproperguidan□eand□duca□ion□Xunzi□anotherConfucianp□ilosopher,□ookamor□pessi□ist□cv□ew,su□□e□tingthathumann□□□reis□nher□n□lys□l□is□andt□atmoralvirtuesmustbeimposed□hroughstrictsoc□□lnor□□an□institutions.