全集 导演:唐纳德·托德
□p>Differentphilosop□icalschoolshaveoffer□□va□iousinterp□etatio□sof□e□ZhaDeBenYuan□□nConfuciani□m,Renisseenasaninherentq□alitythatc□n□ecultiv□tedthro□gheducat□on,self-disc□pli□e,a□dmo□alpract□ce.M□ncius,□p□□□inentConfuc□anthinker,arg□edthathuma□beingsarebornwithaninna□esenseof□oodness□w□ichcanbenurt□redandde□el□ped□□roughpr□perg□idancean□ed□□at□on.Xunz□,anoth□rConfuc□a□phi□os□ph□r□tookamo□epess□mist□cvi□w,suggestingth□t□umannature□si□□eren□l□se□f□shandthatmoralvirtuesm□st□eimposed□□roughstricts□cialnormsandin□ti□uti□ns.Differentphilos□phicalschoolshaveoffere□vari□usinter□retationsofR□nZha□□BenYuan.InCon□ucianism,R□□isseenasan□nherentqual□tyt□atca□becu□tivatedthro□gh□□ucatio□,self-discip□ine□and□ora□p□actice□M□ncius,apromin□ntCon□uc□a□thinker,arguedthathum□nbe□□□□arebornw□t□aninnat□se□se□f□ood□e□□,w□ichcanben□rt□redandd□veloped□h□ough□□operguidanceandeducat□o□.Xu□zi□ano□h□□Confucian□□ilosopher,took□morepessi□i□ticview,sug□estingtha□□umannatureisi□heren□lyselfishandthatm□ral□irtuesmustbe□mp□s□dthroughstrictsocialn□□msa□dinstitutions.
D□ffer□n□phi□osop□icalschoolshaveoffe□□dvar□ousinterpretationsofRe□ZhaD□B□nYuan.□nConfucianism□Ren□sseenasaninh□r□ntq□alityt□□t□anbecu□□ivate□througheducation□self-disc□pli□e,andm□ralpr□ctice.Me□ciu□,a□□omin□□tConf□cianthinke□,arguedthathumanbe□ng□ar□bornwi□haninn□tesens□o□g□od□ess,wh□c□c□nbenurturedandde□elopedthroughproper□uidanceandeducation.Xunzi,anot□er□o□fuci□nphil□sopher,tookamorepessim□sticview,sugges□ing□hathumannatu□eisinher□ntl□s□lfis□an□th□□moralvir□ues□u□tbeimposedthr□ug□strict□oci□lno□msa□dinstitutions.□/p>
Dif□e□en□philosophic□lschools□aveoffer□□□ari□usint□rpretati□nso□Ren□h□DeBenY□an.InConfucian□□m,Ren□ss□enasaninhere□tquali□ythatc□nbecultiv□tedth□oughedu□□tion,self-disciplin□,□ndmora□p□ac□ice.Menciu□,a□rominentConfuc□□nthin□er,□□□□edth□th□manbeings□□□bornwit□aninn□tesenseofgoodness,whic□□anb□nurt□r□da□ddevelopedth□o□□hprop□rguida□ceandeduc□tion.Xunzi,anoth□□Confu□□anp□ilo□o□her,tookamorepessimisticview,s□ggestin□th□thumannatureisi□herentlyse□f□sh□ndthat□or□lv□rt□e□m□□□bei□posedthr□ughstrictsocialno□msan□inst□tut□ons.
Di□fer□ntp□□l□sophicalsc□□□lsha□□offeredva□iousint□r□r□t□ti□□sofR□nZhaDe□□□Yuan.InConfucianism,Reni□see□asaninh□rentquality□hatca□becul□ivated□hrou□he□u□at□on,sel□-discipline,a□dmoralpractice.Menc□us,apro□ine□tConf□cianthin□er,arguedthathumanb□ingsar□bo□nwithan□nnatesenseofgoodness□whichc□nben□rturedanddevelop□dthroug□prope□□ui□anceand□du□a□ion□Xunzi,ano□herConfuc□an□hilosophe□,t□okamo□□pessimisticv□ew,suggestingth□thum□nnatureisinherentlys□lfisha□d□hatmor□lvi□tu□smustbeimposedthroughstri□tsocialnorms□ndins□i□ution□.<□p> ... 详情
Differentphilos□phicalschoolshaveoffere□vari□usinter□retationsofR□nZha□□BenYuan.InCon□ucianism,R□□isseenasan□nherentqual□tyt□atca□becu□tivatedthro□gh□□ucatio□,self-discip□ine□and□ora□p□actice□M□ncius,apromin□ntCon□uc□a□thinker,arguedthathum□nbe□□□□arebornw□t□aninnat□se□se□f□ood□e□□,w□ichcanben□rt□redandd□veloped□h□ough□□operguidanceandeducat□o□.Xu□zi□ano□h□□Confucian□□ilosopher,took□morepessi□i□ticview,sug□estingtha□□umannatureisi□heren□lyselfishandthatm□ral□irtuesmustbe□mp□s□dthroughstrictsocialn□□msa□dinstitutions.
D□ffer□n□phi□osop□icalschoolshaveoffe□□dvar□ousinterpretationsofRe□ZhaD□B□nYuan.□nConfucianism□Ren□sseenasaninh□r□ntq□alityt□□t□anbecu□□ivate□througheducation□self-disc□pli□e,andm□ralpr□ctice.Me□ciu□,a□□omin□□tConf□cianthinke□,arguedthathumanbe□ng□ar□bornwi□haninn□tesens□o□g□od□ess,wh□c□c□nbenurturedandde□elopedthroughproper□uidanceandeducation.Xunzi,anot□er□o□fuci□nphil□sopher,tookamorepessim□sticview,sugges□ing□hathumannatu□eisinher□ntl□s□lfis□an□th□□moralvir□ues□u□tbeimposedthr□ug□strict□oci□lno□msa□dinstitutions.□/p>
Dif□e□en□philosophic□lschools□aveoffer□□□ari□usint□rpretati□nso□Ren□h□DeBenY□an.InConfucian□□m,Ren□ss□enasaninhere□tquali□ythatc□nbecultiv□tedth□oughedu□□tion,self-disciplin□,□ndmora□p□ac□ice.Menciu□,a□rominentConfuc□□nthin□er,□□□□edth□th□manbeings□□□bornwit□aninn□tesenseofgoodness,whic□□anb□nurt□r□da□ddevelopedth□o□□hprop□rguida□ceandeduc□tion.Xunzi,anoth□□Confu□□anp□ilo□o□her,tookamorepessimisticview,s□ggestin□th□thumannatureisi□herentlyse□f□sh□ndthat□or□lv□rt□e□m□□□bei□posedthr□ughstrictsocialno□msan□inst□tut□ons.
Di□fer□ntp□□l□sophicalsc□□□lsha□□offeredva□iousint□r□r□t□ti□□sofR□nZhaDe□□□Yuan.InConfucianism,Reni□see□asaninh□rentquality□hatca□becul□ivated□hrou□he□u□at□on,sel□-discipline,a□dmoralpractice.Menc□us,apro□ine□tConf□cianthin□er,arguedthathumanb□ingsar□bo□nwithan□nnatesenseofgoodness□whichc□nben□rturedanddevelop□dthroug□prope□□ui□anceand□du□a□ion□Xunzi,ano□herConfuc□an□hilosophe□,t□okamo□□pessimisticv□ew,suggestingth□thum□nnatureisinherentlys□lfisha□d□hatmor□lvi□tu□smustbeimposedthroughstri□tsocialnorms□ndins□i□ution□.<□p>